السلام عليكم ورحمة الله وبركاته…
موضوع يبين أولى خطوات التصميم… الموضوع طويل نوعا ما, بس بعض الاشخاص عندهم ميزة حب القراءة ولو كان الموضوع طويل… الموضوع تجميع لمعلومات من هنا وهناك مع وجود روابط للمصادر اذا كانت من الانترنت أو اسم الكتاب والصفحة ان كانت المعلومة مقتطفة من كتاب… أتمنى عموم الفائدة للجميع وبانتظار تعليقاتكم ومساهماتكم لاثراء الموضوع… وانتظرونا في مواضيع جديدة في القريب العاجل باذن الله تعالى… اعتذر مرة ثانية على طول الموضوع.
Building Codes and Occupancy Groups
what is a building code?
A building code is a document containing standardized requirements for the design and construction of most types of buildings.
Codes regulate building construction and building use in order to protect the health, safety and welfare of the occupants. Codes address all aspects of construction including structural integrity, fire resistance, safe exits, lighting, electrical, energy conservation, plumbing, sanitary facilities, ventilation, seismic design and correct use of construction materials.
Building codes classify structures by use and apply different standards to each classification. For example, schools and office buildings are in separate occupancy categories with different performance requirements.
http://www.cusec.org/Library/cusec/Phamplet/buildingcodes.pdf
Some codes are general and cover all construction aspects, while other codes focus on a certain construction aspect; i.e. plumbing, electrical, etc. Building codes differ from one region to another; codes for a cold climate region might not be valid and applicable for a hot climate region. These codes have to be adopted locally (or regionally) to be legal and valid.
International Building Code: The International Building Code addresses design and installation of building systems with requirements that emphasize performance. The IBC is coordinated with all the International Codes. Structural and fire- and life-safety provisions covering seismic, wind, accessibility, egress, occupancy, roofs, and more! (Used in the United States).
International Energy Conservation Code: The International Energy Conservation Code covers energy efficiency provisions for residential and commercial buildings, prescriptive- and performance-based approaches to energy-efficient design, and building envelope requirements for thermal performance and air leakage.
International Fire Code: The International Fire Code coordinated with the International Building Code references national standards to comprehensively address fire safety in new and existing buildings. Topics addressed include fire department access, fire hydrants, automatic sprinkler systems, fire alarm systems, hazardous materials storage and use, and fire-safety requirements for new and existing buildings and premises.
International Mechanical Code: The International Mechanical Code comprehensively regulates mechanical systems and equipment including HVAC, exhaust systems, chimneys and vents, ducts, appliances, boilers, water heaters, refrigeration, hydronic piping and solar systems.
International Plumbing Code: The International Plumbing Code addresses minimum provisions for fixtures piping, fittings and devices as well as design and installation methods for water supply, sanitary drainage and storm drainage. The code provides comprehensive minimum regulations for plumbing facilities in terms of both performance and prescriptive objectives providing for the acceptance of new and innovative products, materials, and systems.